Event | 0.3 m (intercept) | 1.0 m | 1.8 m | 2.85 m |
LFNC | 218.2 (168.0–268.3) | 22.9 (−23.1–68.8) | −38.0 (−89.4–13.4) | −14.6 (−79.6–50.4) |
LFNC+cough | 400.2 (293.1–507.3) | −20.3 (−84.2–43.6) | −102.6 (−174.1–−31.1)* | −100.9 (−191.3–−10.5)* |
HFNC | 278.1 (219.2–337.0) | −30.4 (−94.8–34.0) | −34.8 (−106.8–37.2) | −16.5 (−107.5–74.5) |
HFNC+cough | 341.8 (258.6–425.0) | 7.1 (−53.6–67.8) | −99.5 (−167.3–−31.7)* | −104.0 (−189.8–−18.2)* |
HFNC+M | 210.5 (167.2–253.9) | 79.1 (31.5–126.7)* | 14.0 (−39.2–67.2) | 25.0 (−42.3–92.4) |
HFNC+M+cough | 303.4 (260.2–346.7) | −31.0 (−92.2–30.2) | −57.8 (−126.2–10.5) | −71.3 (−159.4–16.8) |
NIV | 222.8 (183.9–261.7) | 35.3 (−19.8–90.3) | −30.2 (−91.7–31.3) | −20.4 (−98.2–57.42) |
NIV+cough | 228.4 (181.6–275.3) | 33.8 (−17.5–85.0) | −43.0 (−100.3–14.2) | 9.7 (−62.6–82.0) |
Estimates of differences in mean particle concentration (number/L) between mesh sensors at different distances from the breathing-zone of the subject based on a linear mixed-effects model. The particle concentration number includes particle sizes (0.3−10 µm). The intercept level at 30 cm is presented together with the differences (versus 30 cm) at 100 cm, 180 cm and 285 cm. 95% confidence intervals of all estimates are given in parentheses, and all differences (versus 30 cm) with a p-value <0.05 are marked with *. LFNC: low-flow nasal cannula; HFNC: high-flow nasal cannula; NIV: noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation; M=surgical mask.