Baseline characteristics | |
Age years, median (IQR) | 70 (62–74) |
Sex | |
Male | 61 (94) |
Female | 4 (6) |
Race | |
African American | 45 (69) |
Caucasian | 16 (25) |
Other | 4 (6) |
Smoking history | |
Current smoker | 12 (19) |
Previous smoker | 32 (49) |
Unknown | 21 (32) |
Underlying comorbidities | |
Hypertension | 54 (83) |
Hyperlipidaemia | 40 (62) |
Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg·m−2) | 38 (59) |
Diabetes mellitus Type 2 | 32 (49) |
Obstructive sleep apnoea | 26 (40) |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 19 (29) |
Coronary artery disease | 10 (15) |
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease | 16 (25) |
Chronic kidney disease | 15 (23) |
Non-lung cancer | 9 (14) |
Asthma | 5 (8) |
HFpEF | 4 (6) |
History of venous thromboembolism | 4 (6) |
HFrEF | 3 (5) |
Cirrhosis | 3 (5) |
Interstitial lung disease | 2 (3) |
Lung cancer | 1 (2) |
Solid organ transplant | 1 (2) |
Sarcoidosis | 1 (2) |
Connective tissue disease | 1 (2) |
Index hospitalisation | |
Invasive mechanical ventilation | 2 (3) |
Noninvasive ventilation | 7 (10) |
High-flow nasal cannula | 19 (29) |
Length of stay days (mean±sd) | 11±10 |
Supplemental oxygen on discharge L·min−1, median (IQR) | 2 (2–2) |
Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise stated. IQR: interquartile range; BMI: body mass index; HFrEF: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.