Demographics and risk factors by diagnosis of chronic cough in the general Chinese adult population
| Variables | No chronic cough | Chronic cough | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects n | 49 006 | 1985 | |
| Men | 20 255 (50.0) | 1191 (64.0) | 0.0031 |
| Age years | 43.5±0.8 | 52.0±1.5 | <0.0001 |
| Urban residents | 31 637 (51.6) | 1242 (52.1) | 0.9135 |
| Education level | 0.0359 | ||
| Primary school or less | 12 090 (22.2) | 665 (33.0) | |
| Middle and high school | 28 113 (52.5) | 1057 (46.8) | |
| College and higher | 8803 (25.3) | 263 (20.2) | |
| Cigarette smoking | 0.0001 | ||
| Never-smoker | 35 466 (69.4) | 963 (45.9) | |
| Ever-smoker# | 13 540 (30.6) | 1022 (54.1) | |
| Passive smoking at home¶ | 17 130 (47.8) | 470 (52.9) | 0.2546 |
| Biomass use | 12 967 (25.8) | 661 (32.4) | 0.0747 |
| Annual mean PM2.5 exposure µg·m−3 | 70.7±2.9 | 72.3±3.6 | 0.3203 |
| Occupational exposure | 11 608 (24.5) | 719 (37.3) | 0.0017 |
| Visible mould spots in the current residence | 0.2377 | ||
| Rarely | 36 152 (69.1) | 1319 (62.3) | |
| Sometimes | 10 098 (24.2) | 487 (28.7) | |
| Often | 2265 (6.7) | 170 (9.0) | |
| History of pneumonia or bronchitis during childhood | 2227 (4.9) | 217 (11.3) | 0.0033 |
| Parental history of respiratory diseases | 8070 (16.5) | 539 (24.4) | 0.0006 |
| Body mass index kg·m−2 | 23.6±0.1 | 23.9±0.2 | 0.1855 |
| Allergic rhinitis | 4676 (10.6) | 407 (25.0) | 0.0006 |
Values are weighted and shown as n (%) or mean±se unless otherwise indicated. p-values are weighted, taking into account the multistage cluster sampling design and based on χ2 test for categorical variables or t-test for continuous variables. PM2.5: particulate matter with a diameter <2.5 µm. #: ever-smoker was defined as having smoked equal to or >100 cigarettes in the lifetime; ¶: demographics of passive smoking at home were shown for never-smokers.