Multiple adjusted odds ratios of chronic cough in the general Chinese adult population
| Variables | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
| Male | 0.93 (0.63–1.37) | 0.7045 |
| Age (10 years) | 1.43 (1.26–1.61) | <0.0001 |
| Rural resident | 0.84 (0.59–1.19) | 0.3094 |
| Smoking status | ||
| Never-smoker | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| Ever-smoker# | 2.61 (2.10–3.25) | <0.0001 |
| Biomass use | 1.04 (0.86–1.26) | 0.6621 |
| Annual mean PM2.5 µg·m−3 | ||
| <50 | 1.00 (Reference) | - |
| 50–75 | 0.96 (0.59–1.57) | 0.8784 |
| ≥75 | 1.05 (0.62–1.79) | 0.8471 |
| Education level | ||
| Primary school and lower | 1.00 (Reference) | - |
| Middle and high school | 0.80 (0.61–1.05) | 0.1083 |
| College and higher | 0.97 (0.68–1.39) | 0.8770 |
| Occupational exposure | 1.41 (1.10–1.80) | 0.0086 |
| Visible mould spots in the current residence | ||
| Rarely | 1.00 (Reference) | - |
| Sometimes | 1.31 (0.91–1.90) | 0.1414 |
| Often | 1.19 (0.73–1.93) | 0.4652 |
| History of pneumonia or bronchitis during childhood | 2.23 (1.49–3.34) | 0.0006 |
| Parental history of respiratory diseases | 1.23 (0.95–1.59) | 0.1165 |
| Body mass index kg·m−2 | ||
| <18.5 | 1.45 (0.97–2.16) | 0.0662 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 1.00 (Reference) | - |
| ≥25 | 1.23 (0.94–1.61) | 0.1197 |
| Allergic rhinitis | 2.84 (1.98–4.09) | <0.0001 |
The variables listed in the table are all included in the model. The logistic regression analyses are weighted, taking into account the multistage cluster sampling design. OR: odds ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; PM2.5: particulate matter with a diameter <2.5 µm. #: ever-smoker was defined as having smoked equal to or >100 cigarettes in the lifetime.