Variables | Study group | Control group | p-value |
Subjects, n | 60 | 60 | |
Sex, n (%) | |||
Female | 27 (45) | 26 (43) | 0.523 |
Male | 33 (55) | 34 (57) | |
Age years, mean±sd | 50.57±11.49 | 53.07±11.55 | 0.237# |
Pack-years smoking | 0.032¶ | ||
Mean±sd | 10.90±16.37 | 16.52±21.29 | |
Median (1st–3rd quartile) | 0 (0–15) | 13.5 (0–25.5) | |
BMI kg·m−2 | |||
Mean±sd | 31.84±5.65 | 31.89±7.2 | 0.914¶ |
Median (1st–3rd quartile) | 31.25 (27.92–36.15) | 30.97 (28–34.7) | |
BMI category, n (%) | |||
Obese | 5 (8) | 6 (10) | 0.945 |
Overweight | 23 (38) | 22 (37) | |
Normal | 32 (53) | 32 (53) | |
Neck circumference cm | |||
Mean±sd | 40.04±4.03 | 40.82±3.77 | 0.131¶ |
Median (1st–3rd quartile) | 39 (38–42) | 41 (38.25–43) | |
Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
Hypertension | 17 (28) | 24 (40) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 11 (18) | 9 (15) | |
Coronary artery disease | 5 (8) | 12 (20) | |
Asthma | 4 (7) | 4 (7) | |
COPD | 2 (3) | 1 (2) |
Continuous data were expressed as mean±sd and median (1st–3rd quartile). BMI: body mass index. #: independent samples t-test; ¶: Mann–Whitney U test.