Multivariable hazard ratio (HR) model between adjustment variables and 5-year all-cause mortality
| Variable | HR (95% CI) | p-value |
| mets=0 | ref | - |
| mets=1 | 1.06 (0.99–1.13) | 0.085 |
| genderFemale | ref | - |
| genderMale | 1.33 (1.27–1.38) | <0.001 |
| age | 1.07 (1.07–1.07) | <0.001 |
| ethnicityWhite | ref | - |
| ethnicityBlack | 0.63 (0.42–0.93) | 0.020 |
| ethnicityMixed_Other | 0.70 (0.55–0.90) | 0.005 |
| ethnicitySouth Asian | 0.99 (0.70–1.41) | 0.970 |
| ethnicityUnknown | 0.84 (0.72–0.97) | 0.020 |
| smokingNon | ref | - |
| smokingEx | 1.17 (1.10–1.26) | <0.001 |
| smokingCurrent | 1.75 (1.62–1.89) | <0.001 |
| smokingMissing | 1.16 (1.00–1.35) | 0.044 |
| imd1 | ref | - |
| imd2 | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) | 0.190 |
| imd3 | 1.06 (0.99–1.14) | 0.102 |
| imd4 | 1.05 (0.98–1.12) | 0.193 |
| imd5 | 1.13 (1.05–1.20) | <0.001 |
| fev1pp | 0.99 (0.99–0.99) | <0.001 |
| n_exacs | 1.08 (1.06–1.10) | <0.001 |
| mrc1 | ref | - |
| mrc2 | 1.21 (1.12–1.29) | <0.001 |
| mrc3 | 1.53 (1.42–1.64) | <0.001 |
| mrc4 | 1.89 (1.75–2.04) | <0.001 |
| mrc5 | 2.88 (2.57–3.22) | <0.001 |
| liver | 1.53 (1.36–1.72) | <0.001 |
| kidney | 1.25 (1.19–1.32) | <0.001 |
| psych | 1.41 (1.32–1.51) | <0.001 |
| frail | 1.26 (1.15–1.38) | <0.001 |
| asthma | 0.93 (0.89–0.97) | <0.001 |
| cvd | 1.44 (1.37–1.51) | <0.001 |
| mskel | 1.02 (0.98–1.07) | 0.350 |
| gerd | 0.99 (0.91–1.06) | 0.700 |
Variables highlighted in bold are associated with 5-year all-cause mortality.