≤3 admissions | ≥4 admissions | Total | |||
Alive | Dead | Alive | Dead | ||
Patients | 20 200 | 29 937 | 14 466 | 18 361 | 82 964 |
Age, years, mean±sd | 67.5±10.5 | 76.3±8.7 | 68.7±10.1 | 73.5±9.1 | 72.2±10.2 |
Sex | |||||
Male | 8484 (42.0) | 15 173 (50.7) | 6459 (44.6) | 9600 (52.3) | 39 716 (47.9) |
Female | 11 716 (58.0) | 14 764 (49.3) | 8007 (55.4) | 8761 (47.7) | 43 248 (52.1) |
Education | |||||
Lower secondary education | 11 053 (58.0) | 16 520 (63.6) | 8097 (59.6) | 10 230 (61.7) | 45 900 (61.0) |
Upper secondary education | 6182 (32.4) | 7376 (28.4) | 4365 (32.1) | 5062 (30.5) | 22 985 (30.6) |
Tertiary education or bachelor's degree | 1540 (8.1) | 1668 (6.4) | 970 (7.1) | 1068 (6.4) | 5246 (7.0) |
Master's or Doctoral degree | 295 (1.5) | 397 (1.5) | 162 (1.2) | 229 (1.4) | 1083 (1.4) |
Total | 19 070 | 25 961 | 13 594 | 16 589 | 75 214 |
Cohabitation status | |||||
Living alone | 9473 (47.0) | 13 305 (62.1) | 7204 (49.8) | 9783 (54.6) | 39 765 (53.8) |
Living together | 10 677 (53.0) | 8111 (37.9) | 7253 (50.2) | 8137 (45.4) | 34 178 (46.2) |
Total of cohabitation status | 20 150 | 21 416 | 14 457 | 17 920 | 73 943 |
Inhaled medication | |||||
SABA | 2033 (10.1) | 2363 (7.9) | 1264 (8.7) | 1500 (8.2) | 7160 (8.6) |
LAMA | 987 (4.9) | 1746 (5.8) | 722 (5.0) | 1035 (5.6) | 4490 (5.4) |
LABA | 705 (3.5) | 909 (3.0) | 495 (3.4) | 595 (3.2) | 2704 (3.3) |
ICS | 2306 (11.4) | 2562 (8.6) | 1511 (10.4) | 1726 (9.4) | 8105 (9.8) |
LAMA/LABA | 231 (1.1) | 382 (1.3) | 216 (1.5) | 291 (1.6) | 1120 (1.3) |
LAMA/ICS or LABA/ICS | 4112 (20.4) | 5705 (19.0) | 3306 (22.8) | 3908 (21.3) | 17 031 (20.5) |
Triple therapy | 2582 (12.8) | 4764 (15.9) | 2510 (17.4) | 3654 (19.9) | 13 510 (16.3) |
Total | 12 956 (64.1) | 18 431 (61.6) | 10 024 (69.3) | 12 709 (69.2) | 54 120 (65.2) |
No treatment | 7244 (35.9) | 11 506 (38.4) | 4442 (30.7) | 5652 (30.8) | 28 844 (34.8) |
Number of comorbidities | |||||
0 | 12 843 (63.6) | 9597 (32.1) | 6683 (46.2) | 6133 (33.4) | 35 256 (42.5) |
1 | 4400 (21.8) | 7594 (25.4) | 3855 (26.6) | 4650 (25.3) | 20 499 (24.7) |
2 | 1825 (9.0) | 5675 (19.0) | 2064 (14.3) | 3337 (18.2) | 12 901 (15.6) |
≥3 | 1132 (5.6) | 7071 (23.5) | 1864 (12.9) | 4241 (23.1) | 14 308 (17.2) |
Characteristics of the index event, median (interquartile range) | |||||
Time until discharge, days | 3 (1–7) | 6 (2–10) | 4 (1–7) | 5 (2–8) | 4 (2–8) |
Time until death, days | 177 (20–656) | 969 (566–1379) |
Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise stated. SABA: short-acting β2-agonist; LAMA: long-acting muscarinic antagonist; LABA: long-acting β2-agonist; ICS; inhaled corticosteroid.