General characteristics of study subjects
| Subjects, n | 213 |
| Age, years | 63.6±7.0 |
| Male | 59 |
| BMI, kg·m−2 | 26.2±5.1 |
| FFMI, kg·m−2 | 17.0±2.4 |
| mMRC dyspnoea grade | 2.1±1.1 |
| Current smoker | 28 |
| Smoking pack-years | 46±26 |
| Long-term oxygen therapy | 17 |
| FEV1, L | 1.40±0.54 |
| FEV1, % predicted | 51.2±16.9 |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.40±0.11 |
| ITGV, % predicted | 148±33 |
| DLCO, % predicted | 56±17 |
| 6MWD, m | 470±106 |
| SGRQ, total score | 51.3±17.5 |
| Updated BODE score | 2.9±2.5 |
| Framingham 10-year risk, % | 9.4±6.7 |
Data are presented as mean±sd or %, unless otherwise stated. BMI: body mass index; FFMI: fat-free mass index; mMRC: modified Medical Research Council; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; ITGV: intrathoracic gas volume; DLCO: diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; 6MWD: 6-min walk distance; SGRQ: St George's Respiratory Questionnaire; BODE: body mass index, obstruction, dyspnoea, exercise capacity index.