Comorbidities per biomarker-based cluster
| Cluster 1: lower-level cluster I | Cluster 2: lower-level cluster II | Cluster 3: higher-level cluster I | Cluster 4: higher-level cluster II | |
| Comorbidities, n | 3.5±1.5 | 3.4±1.5 | 3.7±1.7 | 4.3±1.8 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1.6±0.7 | 1.5±0.9 | 1.6±0.8 | 1.8±1.1 |
| eGFR, mL·min−1 | 78±21 | 83±23 | 87±25 | 66±20 |
| Creatinine, μmol·L−1 | 93±20 | 78±15 | 84±14 | 99±32 |
| Renal impairment | 23 | 14 | 15 | 41 |
| Haemoglobin, mmol·L−1 | 9.0±0.6 | 9.1±0.7 | 9.1±0.9 | 8.7±0.7 |
| Haematocrit | 44±4 | 44±4 | 44±5 | 42±4 |
| Anaemia | 2 | 2 | 11 | 10 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 140±17 | 136±25 | 138±15 | 145±28 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 83±8 | 82±11 | 83±9 | 83±12 |
| Hypertension | 45 | 44 | 48 | 62 |
| BMI, kg·m−2 | 27.4±4.8 | 24.2±4.9 | 28.1±5.4 | 25.2±4.2 |
| Obese | 28 | 16 | 33 | 18 |
| Underweight | 9 | 25 | 4 | 15 |
| FFMI, kg·m−2 | 17.6±2.0 | 16.1±2.5 | 17.5±2.8 | 16.9±2.0 |
| Muscle wasting | 14 | 50 | 20 | 26 |
| Glucose, mmol·L−1 | 5.8±1.0 | 5.7±0.8 | 5.9±1.0 | 5.6±0.9 |
| Hyperglycaemia | 56 | 55 | 61 | 44 |
| Triglycerides, mmol·L−1 | 1.6±0.7 | 1.3±0.5 | 2.0±1.3 | 1.4±0.7 |
| Cholesterol, mmol·L−1 | 5.0±1.0 | 5.4±1.0 | 5.8±1.5 | 5.1±1.1 |
| Cholesterol/HDL ratio | 3.2±1.0 | 3.3±0.9 | 3.8±1.3 | 3.6±1.1 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 41 | 22 | 52 | 33 |
| Thrombocytes, ×109 cells·L−1 | 235±57 | 253±65 | 334±138 | 260±72 |
| HADS Anxiety | 5.5±3. | 6.7±4.3 | 7.0±3.8 | 6.0±3.7 |
| Anxiety | 16 | 23 | 25 | 22 |
| HADS Depression | 5.1±3.5 | 5.5±3.9 | 6.7±3.3 | 5.7±3.2 |
| Depression | 16 | 15 | 20 | 14 |
| c-IMT, mm | 1.0±0.2 | 0.9±0.2 | 1.0±0.2 | 1.0±0.2 |
| Atherosclerosis | 61 | 35 | 57 | 62 |
| Cardiac Infarction Injury Score | 10.4±7.2 | 11.2±5.4 | 11.3±5.7 | 13.3±7.0 |
| T-score total body | −0.6±1.1 | −1.4±1.3 | −0.8±1.2 | −1.4±1.5 |
| Osteoporosis | 22 | 41 | 22 | 41 |
Data are presented as mean±sd or %, unless otherwise stated. ▪ A significantly higher level compared to the remaining three clusters (p<0.01); ▪ a tendency for a significantly higher level compared to the remaining three clusters (p-value between 0.05 and 0.01); ▪ a significantly lower level compared to the remaining three clusters (p<0.01); ▪ a tendency for a significantly lower level compared to the remaining three clusters (p-value between 0.05 and 0.01). eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; BMI: body mass index; FFMI: fat-free mass index; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score; c-IMT: carotid intima-media thickness.