Symptoms, quality of life, comorbidities and medication in patients with mild-to-moderate versus severe asthma
| Variable | Mild-to-moderate asthma | Severe asthma | p-value |
| Patients total (n) | 421 | 90 | |
| Symptoms | |||
| ACQ5 score | 1.6 (0.8–2.4) | 2.2 (1.6–3.0) | <0.0001¶ |
| ACQ5 score >1.5 | 210/415 (51%) | 68/90 (76%) | <0.0001+ |
| ACT score | 18 (15–21) | 15 (11–20) | <0.0001¶ |
| ACT score ≤19 | 228/410 (56%) | 63/86 (73%) | 0.003+ |
| mMRC score | 1.7±0.8 | 2.0±0.9 | 0.005§ |
| Exacerbations previous year# | |||
| Prednisolone-requiring | 0.4±0.9 0 (0–0) | 1.7±1.8 1 (0–3) | <0.0001 <0.0001¶ |
| ED visits | 0.3±0.7 0 (0–0) | 0.6±1.0 0 (0–1) | 0.008 0.002¶ |
| Hospitalisations | 0.2±0.6 0 (0–0) | 0.5±1.0 0 (0–1) | 0.004§ 0.0004¶ |
| Quality of life | |||
| SF-12 | |||
| PCS | 47.7 (39.0–53.8) | 41.5 (34.2–50.0) | 0.0002¶ |
| MCS | 52.3 (44.3–57.8) | 49.7 (41.2–57.6) | 0.2¶ |
| miniAQLQ overall | 5.4±1.1 | 4.9±1.3 | 0.001§ |
| Symptoms | 5.2±1.3 | 4.7±1.4 | 0.003§ |
| Activity | 5.7±1.1 | 5.1±1.5 | 0.0009§ |
| Emotional | 5.4±1.4 | 4.7±1.7 | 0.0007§ |
| Environmental | 5.4±1.4 | 5.1±1.6 | 0.2§ |
| miniRQLQ overall | 1.5±1.0 | 1.5±1.0 | 0.8§ |
| Activity | 1.4±1.3 | 1.6±1.4 | 0.3§ |
| Practical | 1.6±1.4 | 1.7±1.4 | 0.4§ |
| Nose | 1.7±1.4 | 1.6±1.3 | 0.3§ |
| Eyes | 1.0±1.2 | 0.8±0.9 | 0.2§ |
| Non-nose and eyes | 1.7±1.3 | 1.8±1.4 | 0.8§ |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Nijmegen | 16.9±9.7 | 17.9±9.4 | 0.4§ |
| SNOT22 | 20.4±13.7 | 23.0±15.9 | 0.2§ |
| Epworth sleepiness scale | 6.3±4.0 | 5.8±3.9 | 0.3§ |
| Medication | |||
| ICS, budesonide equivalents (µg) | 753±318 | 1797±435 | na |
| OCS for asthma | - | 11 (12%) | na |
| OCS for asthma (mg) | - | 10 (5–15) | na |
| LABA (µg) | 25.0±34.5 | 47.7±36.0 | <0.0001§ |
Data are presented as n/N (%), mean±sd or median interquartile range (IQR), unless otherwise stated. ACQ5: Asthma Control Questionnaire; ACT: Asthma Control Test; mMRC: modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale; ED: emergency department; SF-12: 12-item Short Form Health Survey; PCS: physical component score; MCS: mental component score; miniAQLQ: Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire; miniRQLQ: Mini Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire; Nijmegen: hyperventilation; SNOT22: Sino-Nasal Outcome Test; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; OCS: oral corticosteroid; LABA: long-acting β2-agonist; na: not applicable. #: reported both as mean±sd and median (IQR); ¶: Kruskal–Wallis test; +: Chi-squared test; §: Welch's ANOVA.