Heart failureBaseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Outcome in Patients With Heart Failure
Section snippets
Methods
All the patients in this prospective study were recruited from the special HF unit at Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center. Baseline blood samples for lipid profiles, renal function tests, and hemoglobin levels were obtained from January 2000 to July 2001. Consecutive patients with HF were enrolled. Systolic HF was defined as a left ventricular ejection fraction <40%16 by echocardiography. At their first visits, all participants were examined by physicians, and the following information was
Results
A total of 324 consecutive outpatients with congestive HF–related symptoms were eligible for participation in this prospective study according to the exclusion and inclusion criteria. Twenty-seven were excluded for technical reasons, noncompliance, or a lack of follow-up information. The remaining 297 patients constituted the study cohort. Their mean follow-up duration was 3.7 years (range 8 months to 11.5 years). The general characteristics of the study patients are listed in Table 1. Their
Discussion
We designed this study to determine whether baseline LDL cholesterol levels could serve as a prognostic predictor in patients with severe but clinically controlled HF who were or were not receiving statin treatment. Our results showed that low baseline LDL cholesterol levels (i.e., <70 mg/dl) were a significant predictor of worse outcomes in patients with ischemic HF and those with nonischemic HF. Even after adjusting for multiple known predictors of HF mortality, a high LDL cholesterol level
Acknowledgment
We thank Esther Eshkol for editorial assistance.
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