Elsevier

Fertility and Sterility

Volume 100, Issue 2, August 2013, Pages 470-477
Fertility and Sterility

Original article
Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.04.001Get rights and content
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Objective

To investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescents and its association with obesity.

Design

Cross-sectional study using electronic medical records.

Setting

Not applicable.

Patient(s)

Adolescents aged 15–19 years (n = 137,502).

Intervention(s)

None.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

PCOS diagnosed or defined according to National Institutes of Health (NIH) criteria.

Result(s)

The prevalence of a confirmed diagnosis of PCOS was 0.56%, which increased to 1.14% when undiagnosed cases with documented symptoms qualifying for PCOS according to NIH criteria were included. Compared with normal/underweight girls, the odds ratios (OR and 95% confidence interval [CI]) for confirmed PCOS diagnosis were 3.85 (3.04–4.88), 10.25 (8.16–12.84), and 23.10 (18.66–28.61) for overweight, moderately obese, and extremely obese adolescents, respectively, after adjusting for potential confounders. When adolescents with two or more supportive diagnoses were included (diagnosed and undiagnosed PCOS-NIH), the ORs (95% CI) for PCOS-NIH by weight class were significantly attenuated to 2.95 (2.53–3.44), 6.73 (5.78–7.83), and 14.65 (12.73–16.86) for overweight, moderately obese, and extremely obese adolescents, respectively.

Conclusion(s)

Overweight and obesity were associated with higher odds of PCOS in adolescents. Studies based solely on diagnosis codes may underestimate the prevalence of PCOS and overestimate the magnitude of the association between obesity and PCOS.

Key Words

Adolescence
body weight
childhood
epidemiology
obesity
polycystic ovary syndrome

Cited by (0)

S.B.C. has nothing to disclose. M.H.B. has nothing to disclose. N.S. has nothing to disclose. M.M.M. has nothing to disclose. S.J.J. has nothing to disclose. A.H.P. has nothing to disclose. C.K. has nothing to disclose.

Funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disorders (NIDDK, grant R21DK085395) and Kaiser Permanente Direct Community Benefit Funds.