Mechanisms of allergy and clinical immunologyAssociation between CD14 polymorphisms and serum soluble CD14 levels: Effect of atopy and endotoxin inhalation
Section snippets
Study population
Volunteer subjects were recruited from Brussels, Belgium, and were healthy nonsmoking adults between the ages of approximately 18 and 60 years. All subjects were nonasthmatic and free from regular use of medication. The Free University of Brussels and the University of Arizona Institutional Review Boards approved the study. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.
Endotoxin challenge
Subjects were exposed to 20 μg of endotoxin by means of inhalation, as described by Michel et al.4 Briefly, purified
LD and haplotype structure of the CD14 proximal promoter
The following SNPs were genotyped in the cohort: −1619, −1359, and −159 relative to the transcription start site or −1720, −1460, and −260 relative to the translation start site. All of these polymorphisms had a minor allele frequency of greater than 10% (CD14/−1619A→G = 0.455; CD14/−1359G→T = 0.262; CD14/−159T→C = 0.472) and were similar in frequency to the European American reference population used for the Program in Genomic Applications (http://innateimmunity.net). The genotype frequencies
Discussion
In 1990, Wright et al10 first described CD14 as a receptor involved in the recognition of LPS and other bacterial wall components. It was not until 1999 that an association between CD14 polymorphisms and sCD14 levels was described.16 Baldini et al16 found that CD14/−159TT homozygotes had significantly higher sCD14 levels than did carriers of the CC and CT genotypes. Although several studies have confirmed this association between various CD14 polymorphisms and sCD14 levels,17, 18, 25, 26, 27, 28
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2020, Seminars in Arthritis and RheumatismCitation Excerpt :This variation in the 5′ UTR was associated with increased risk of gout in both European and New Zealand Polynesian populations. Separate studies have shown that rs2569190 increases CD14 expression and is associated with increased levels of soluble CD14 [58–61]. IL-37 is an IL-1 family member that exerts anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing production of IL-1β and other pro-inflammatory cytokines [62].
Cd14 SNPs regulate the innate immune response
2012, Molecular ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :Over 500 publications have measured the amount of sCD14 in human serum in relation to a disease condition, and 281 publications have investigated an association between a CD14 5′ rSNP and susceptibility to asthma, allergy, sarcoidosis, biliary atresia, or acute otitis media5. Moreover, a rSNP (C/T, rs2569190) located 260 bp 5′ of the human CD14 translational start site has been shown to affect serum sCD14 levels in multiple human populations (Baldini et al., 1999; Inoue et al., 2007; Kabesch et al., 2004; LeVan et al., 2006; Levan et al., 2008), and is associated with infant susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced bronchiolitis (Inoue et al., 2007). This is of interest since CD14 plays an essential role in the innate immune responses to RSV (Kurt-Jones et al., 2000) and other viruses (Compton et al., 2003; Pauligk et al., 2004).
Role of indoor endotoxins in asthma symptoms
2011, Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'EnvironnementRole of indoor endotoxins in asthma symptoms
2010, Revue Francaise d'AllergologieCD14 polymorphisms and serum CD14 levels through childhood: A role for gene methylation?
2010, Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :These inconsistencies might partly be due to inadequate statistical power and differences in ethnicity and study design but might also be related to the complex gene-environment interactions in the CD14 gene expression relationship.17,31 Hence although several studies suggest that gene-expression associations depend on the stage of disease activity,9,18,32 we observed a significant interaction between CD14 gene expression and age (in childhood). The observed reduced effect of CD14 polymorphisms on sCD14 levels through childhood is in line with the longitudinal analyses from birth by LeVan et al,7 suggesting that CD14 polymorphisms modulate sCD14 levels up to 1 year of age.
Association of serum CD14 level and functional polymorphism C-159T in the promoter region of CD14 gene with allergic rhinitis
2023, Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (ES-00386 to T.D.L. and HL61892 to F.D.M.), the American Heart Association (9960342Z to T.D.L.), and Astra Zeneca Belgium (to O.M.).
Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: F. D. Martinez has consulting arrangements with Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer; has patent licensing arrangements with the CARE Network of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; and is on the advisory board for Merck. The rest of the authors have declared that they have no conflict of interest.
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These authors contributed equally to this manuscript.