Elsevier

Respiratory Medicine

Volume 104, Issue 2, February 2010, Pages 305-309
Respiratory Medicine

Risk factors for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in a Mexican population. A case-control study

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2009.08.013Get rights and content
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Summary

The etiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains poorly understood, but some studies have suggested that cigarette smoking or other occupational or environmental exposures, diabetes mellitus, or gastroesophageal reflux may play a role. In this study we evaluated the clinical records of a group of 97 consecutive patients with IPF, and 560 patients suffering 5 different respiratory disorders that were examined as controls: asthma (n = 111), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 132), squamous cell lung carcinoma (n = 118), lung adenocarcinoma (n = 101) and patients with otorhinolaryngology problems but without lung disease (n = 98). In bivariate analyses male sex, diabetes mellitus and being former cigarette smoker were associated with IPF. After adjusting by these variables, multivariate analysis revealed that type 2 diabetes mellitus [11.3% in IPF patients vs 2.9% in controls, OR = 4.3 (95% CI: 1.9–9.8), p < 0.0001] was an independent risk factor associated to IPF. Our results provide additional evidence of a putative relationship between DM2 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Experimental research is necessary for thorough assessment of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in this association.

Keywords

Pulmonary fibrosis
Smoking cigarette
Diabetes mellitus
Risk factors

Abbreviations

COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
IPF
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
DM2
type 2 diabetes mellitus
ORL
patients with otorhinolaryngologic problems
GOLD
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
ATS
American Thoracic Society

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