Abstract
Background: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized by recurrent infections. Non-infectious lung complications may occur which significantly increase the morbidity and the mortality. While current guidelines recommend annual spirometry and chest CT-Scan at diagnosis, little is known about the predictive factors and the optimal management.
Objectives: Our aim is to evaluate the respiratory profile of CVID patients in order to identify the most frequent abnormalities. Moreover, we attended to define specific predictive factors for lung diseases.
Method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of adult patients with CVID followed at our hospital.
Results: We collected the data of 64 patients. Median age was 51 years old at enrollment. Comorbidities found were: Upper respiratory tract involvements (52 %), asthma (22 %) and COPD (9 %). Thirty-eight (59 %) patients were asymptomatic and 53 % never smoked. Sixty-three (98 %) patients were actively treated with immunoglobulins and 38 % with prophylactic antibiotics. Despite a normalized mean level of IgG (10 g/L), 67 % used antibiotics for sinopulmonary infections in the last year. Fifty (78 %) patients had a chest CT-Scan. Mediastinal lymph nodes (24 %), bronchiectasis (22 %), micronodules (18 %), ground-glass opacities (16 %) and granulomas (12 %) were most frequently found. Fifty patients had pulmonary function tests. Diffusion abnormalities and obstructive patterns were documented in 42 % and 24 % respectively. Other complications included autoimmunity (45 %), enteropathy (20 %) and splenomegaly (20 %).
Conclusion: Awareness and identification of CVID associated respiratory abnormalities may guide therapy and improve prognosis.
Footnotes
Cite this article as: European Respiratory Journal 2019; 54: Suppl. 63, PA1382.
This is an ERS International Congress abstract. No full-text version is available. Further material to accompany this abstract may be available at www.ers-education.org (ERS member access only).
- Copyright ©the authors 2019